When you're looking at a function (an actual function or a method), you can usually identify several blocks of code in there. There are pre-conditions , there's the function body , and there may be post-conditions . The pre-conditions are there to verify that the function can safely proceed to do its real job . …
I recently wrote about when to add an interface to a class . After explaining good reasons for adding an interface, I claim that if none of those reasons apply in your situation, you should just use a class and declare it "final". PHP 5 introduces the final keyword, which prevents child classes from overridin…
Last week I wrote about when to add an interface to a class . The article finishes with the claim that classes from the application's domain don't usually need an interface. The reason is that domain code isn't going to be swapped out with something else. This code is the result of careful modelling work that's done …
I'm currently revising my book "Principles of Package Design" . It covers lots of design principles, like the SOLID principles and the lesser known Package (or Component) Design Principles. When discussing these principles in the book, I regularly encourage the reader to add more interfaces to their classes, to make …
During the holiday I read a book mentioned to me by Pim Elshoff: "Skin in the game", by Nassim Nicholas Taleb. Discussing this concept of "skin in the game" with Pim had made me curious about the book. It's not such a fat book as one of Taleb's other books, which is possibly more famous, called "Antifragile". "Skin in …
Recently I read a comment on Twitter by Nikola Poša: I guess the discussion on my thread is going in the wrong direction because I left out a crucial hashtag: #NoCommentsInCode - avoid comments in code, write descriptive classes, methods, variables. https://t.co/MuHoOFXCvV — Nikola Poša (@nikolaposa) July 13, …
In "Negative Architecture" , Michael Feathers speaks about certain aspects of software architecture leading to some kind of negative architecture . Feathers mentions the IO Monad from Haskell (functional programming) as an example, but there are parallel examples in object-oriented programming. For example, by using …
Consider the following rule: When you create an object, it should be complete, consistent and valid in one go. It is derived from the more general principle that it should not be possible for an object to exist in an inconsistent state. I think this is a very important rule, one that will gradually lead …
System and integration tests need database fixtures. These fixtures should be representative and diverse enough to "fake" normal usage of the application, so that the tests using them will catch any issues that might occur once you deploy the application to the production environment. There are many different options …
A very important "trick" in finding the flow in life is: do what you like most . Of course, you have to do things you don't like (and then you need different life hacks), but when you can do something you like, you'll find that you'll be more successful at it. When it comes to blogging, I find that it helps to …
The downsides of starting with the domain model All the architectural focus on having a clean and infrastructure-free domain model is great. It's awesome to be able to develop your domain model in complete isolation; just a bunch of unit tests helping you design the most beautiful objects. And all the "impure" …
I'd like to start this article with a quote from Ross Tuck's article "Persisting Value Objects in Doctrine" . He describes different ways of persisting value objects when using Doctrine ORM. At the end of the page he gives us the following option - the "nuclear" one: [...] Doctrine is great for the vast …
Statically fetching dependencies I've worked with several code bases that were littered with calls to Zend_Registry::get() , sfContext::getInstance() , etc. to fetch a dependency when needed . I'm a little afraid to mention façades here, but they also belong in this list. The point of this article is not to bash …
I wanted to share an important lesson I learned from my colleague Ramon de la Fuente . I was explaining to him how I made a big effort to preserve some existing behavior, when he said something along the lines of: the people who wrote this code, may or may not have known what they were doing. So don't worry too …
This is a question that always pops up during my workshops: when and where to determine the ID of an entity? There are different answers, no best answer. Well, there are two best answers, but they apply to two different situations. Auto-incrementing IDs, by the database Traditionally, all you need for an entity …
This article is part 2 of my review of the book "Fifty quick ideas to improve your tests" . I'll continue to share some of my personal highlights with you. Replace multiple steps with a higher-level step If a test executes multiple tasks in sequence that form a higher-level action, often the language and …
Review After reading "Discovery - Explore behaviour using examples" by Gáspár Nagy and Seb Rose, I picked up another book, which I bought a long time ago: "Fifty Quick Ideas to Improve Your Tests" by Gojko Adzic, David Evans, Tom Roden and Nikola Korac. Like with so many books, I find there's often a "right" …
I've just finished reading "Discovery - Explore behaviour using examples" by Gáspár Nagy and Seb Rose . It's the first in a series of books about BDD (Behavior-Driven Development). The next parts are yet to be written/published. Part of the reason to pick up this book was that I'd seen it on Twitter (that alone …
Recently I read Ouarzy's review of Jason Fried and David Heinemeier Hansson's "Remote - Office Not Required". I'd read their previous books, "Getting Real" and "Rework". They're all a joy to read. Short chapters, nice little cartoons. Just a lot of fun, and inspiring too. Not many authors make as much of an effort …
I'm working on another "multi-tenant" PHP web application project and I noticed an interesting series of events. It felt like a natural progression and by means of a bit of dangerous induction , I'm posing the hypothesis that this is how things are just bound to happen in such projects. In the beginning we start …